Cyclic Hypnotics Containing Nitrogen

IV. Cyclic Hypnotics Containing Nitrogen

1. Piperidinedione derivatives

a. Methyprylone (Noludar)

Synthesis

Properties and uses: Methyprylone exists as white crystalline powder and soluble in water. Used as a hypnotic agent useful in the management of insomnia of varied etiology.

Dose: The usual adult dose is 200–600 mg for hypnotic; 50–100 mg for sedative.

b. Glutethimide

Synthesis

Properties and uses: It is used as a hypnotic drug to induce sleep without depressing respiration. Over dosage is less likely to depress respiration, but more likely to cause hypertension than most other barbiturates. Adverse reactions include a generalized rash, occasionally a purpuric or urticarial rash; exfoliative dermatitis has also been observed, rarely nausea, hangover, paradoxical excitation, and blurred vision have occurred. Some of these side effects may be due to the anticholinergic activity of this drug.

Dose: The usual adult dose is 250–500 mg.

2. Quinazolinone derivatives

a. Methaqualone (Mequin)

Synthesis

Route I. From: Anthranilic acid

Route II.From: N-Acetyl anthranilic acid

Properties and uses: It is a white or almost white crystalline powder. It dissolves in dilute sulphuric acid and very slightly soluble in water and also soluble in alcohol. It is used as a hypnotic drug to induce sleep and as a daytime sedative. It may be administered along with an antihistaminic agent such as diphenhydramine

Assay: Dissolve the sample in anhydrous acetic acid. Titrate with 0.1 M perchloric acid and determine the endpoint potentiometrically.

Storage: It should be stored in well-closed airtight containers and protected from light.

Dose: The usual adult dose is 50–150 mg.