Organoleptic Evaluation

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Chapter: Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry : Evaluation of Crude Drugs

Organoleptic evaluation means the study of drugs using organs of senses. It refers to the methods of analysis like colour, odour, taste, size, shape, and special features, such as: touch, texture, etc. Obviously, the initial sight of the plant or extract is so specific that it tends to identify itself.


ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION

 

 

Organoleptic evaluation means the study of drugs using organs of senses. It refers to the methods of analysis like colour, odour, taste, size, shape, and special features, such as: touch, texture, etc. Obviously, the initial sight of the plant or extract is so specific that it tends to identify itself. If this is not enough, perhaps the plant or extract has a characteristic odour or taste. Organoleptic analysis represents the simplest, yet the most human form of analysis.

 

Talka gum, which is used as a substitute for acacia gum could be identified by its colour and form. Talka gum is usually broken and also some tears are brown in colour and other colourless, whereas acacia is white to yellow in colour. Mangosteen fruits are a substitute for bael fruits and can be identified by darker rind and the wedge-shaped radiate stigmas. Cuprea Bark (Remijia pedupiculata) differs in its morphological character with cinchona. Blood Root used as an adulterant for hydrastis is dark reddish-brown in colour, whereas hydrastis is yellow in colour. Rheum rhaponticum are much smaller than those of the Chinese rhubarb and are easily distinguished.

Ginger and capsicum have pungent taste, whereas gentian and chirata have bitter taste. Morphological differentiation of leaves and pods of Indian senna and Alexandrian senna, sweet taste of liquorice, odours of umbelliferous fruits, disc-shaped structure of nux vomica, conical shape of aconite, quills of cinnamon, etc. are few examples of this organoleptic evaluation.

 

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