Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy

HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-25T

Scope: This course is designed to impart fundamental knowledge and professional skills required for facilitating various hospital and clinical pharmacy services.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss and train the students in the following

1. Hospital and Hospital Pharmacy organization and set-ups

2. Basics of hospital pharmacy services including the procurement, supply chain, storage of medicines and medical supplies

3. Basics of clinical pharmacy including introduction to comprehensive pharmaceutical care services

4. Basic interpretations of common laboratory results used in clinical diagnosis towards optimizing the drug therapy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Explain about the basic concepts of hospital pharmacy administration

2. Manage the supply chain and distribution of medicines within the hospital settings

3. Assist the other healthcare providers in monitoring drug therapy and address drug related problems

4. Interpret common lab investigation reports for optimizing drug therapy

1. Hospital Pharmacy

• Definition, scope, national and international scenario

• Organisational structure

• Professional responsibilities, Qualification and experience requirements, job specifications, work load requirements and inter professional relationships

• Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in hospital

• Hospital Pharmacy Standards (FIP Basel Statements, AHSP)

• Introduction to NAQS guidelines and NABH Accreditation and Role of Pharmacists

2. Different Committees in the Hospital

• Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee - Objectives, Composition, and functions

• Hospital Formulary - Definition, procedure for development and use of hospital formulary

• Infection Control Committee – Role of Pharmacist in preventing Antimicrobial Resistance

4. Supply Chain and Inventory Control

• Preparation of Drug lists - High Risk drugs, Emergency drugs, Schedule H1 drugs, NDPS drugs, reserved antibiotics

• Procedures of Drug Purchases – Drug selection, short term, long term, and tender/e-tender process, quotations, etc.

• Inventory control techniques: Economic Order Quantity, Reorder Quantity Level, Inventory Turnover etc.

• Inventory Management of Central Drug Store – Storage conditions, Methods of storage, Distribution, Maintaining Cold Chain, Devices used for cold storage (Refrigerator, ILR, Walk-in-Cold rooms)

• FEFO, FIFO methods

• Expiry drug removal and handling, and disposal. Disposal of Narcotics, cytotoxic drugs

• Documentation - purchase and inventory

5. Drug distribution

• Drug distribution (in- patients and out - patients) – Definition, advantages and disadvantages of individual prescription order method, Floor Stock Method, Unit Dose Drug Distribution Method, Drug Basket Method.

• Distribution of drugs to ICCU/ICU/NICU/Emergency wards.

• Automated drug dispensing systems and devices

• Distribution of Narcotic and Psychotropic substances and their storage

6. Compounding in Hospitals. Bulk compounding, IV admixture services and incompatibilities, Total parenteral nutrition

7. Radio Pharmaceuticals - Storage, dispensing and disposal of radiopharmaceuticals

8. Application of computers in Hospital Pharmacy Practice, Electronic health records, Softwares used in hospital pharmacy

9. Clinical Pharmacy: Definition, scope, and development - in India and other countries

Technical definitions, common terminologies used in clinical settings and their significance such as Paediatrics, Geriatric, Anti-natal Care, Post-natal Care, etc

Daily activities of clinical pharmacists: Definition, goal, and procedure of

• Ward round participation

• Treatment Chart Review

• Adverse drug reaction monitoring

• Drug information and poisons information

• Medication history

• Patient counselling

• Interprofessional collaboration

Pharmaceutical care: Definition, classification of drug related problems. Principles and procedure to provide pharmaceutical care

Medication Therapy Management, Home Medication Review

10. Clinical laboratory tests used in the evaluation of disease states - significance and interpretation of test results

• Haematological, Liver function, Renal function, thyroid function tests

• Tests associated with cardiac disorders

• Fluid and electrolyte balance

• Pulmonary Function Tests

11. Poisoning: Types of poisoning: Clinical manifestations and Antidotes

Drugs and Poison Information Centre and their services – Definition, Requirements, Information resources with examples, and their advantages and disadvantages

12. Pharmacovigilance

• Definition, aim and scope

• Overview of Pharmacovigilance

13. Medication errors: Definition, types, consequences, and strategies to minimize medication errors, LASA drugs and Tallman lettering as per ISMP

Drug Interactions: Definition, types, clinical significance of drug  interactions

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