Spices being exported from India to East Asia, the United States, West Asia, European Community and Africa, UAE, Singapore, Germany, France, Canada, Sri Lanka, Japan, Malaysia, Russia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Netherlands.
EXPORT OF SPICES INDIA
Following is the list of spices being exported from India to
East Asia, the United States, West Asia, European Community and Africa, UAE,
Singapore, Germany, France, Canada, Sri Lanka, Japan, Malaysia, Russia,
Bangladesh, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Netherlands.
Although other countries like China, Brazil, Thailand, etc.,
have also started export of spice, but even then the demand for Indian spices
is not being affected.
Table : Item wise export of spices from India
Spices exports have registered substantial growth during the
last decade, registering an annual average growth rate of 11.1% in value terms.
During the year 2007–08, the export earnings from spices have surpassed US$ 1
billion mark for the first time and registered an all time high both in terms
of quantity and value in spice exports. In 2007–08, the export of spices from
India has been 444,250 tonnes valued US$ 1,101.80 million registering an
increase of 39% in value over 2006–07. India commands a formidable position in
the World Spice Trade with 48% share in volume and 44% in value (Table 7.4 and
Figure 7.2).
The history of Indian spice is very old, as there are
evidences of India having trade of vegetable drugs and spices with Greece even
before Alexander’s invasion in 327 B.C. India’s glory for the land of spice and
perfumery attracted foreigners (French, British, Arab, Portuguese and Dutch).
Portuguese invaded India and controlled over the spice trade of the country.
They were taken over by Dutch, who exploited spices of India for many years.
Later the British Empire took over and shared most of the world spice trade
with Holland. Arabs had taken the spice products from southern India and
established it even after independence Spices have continued to be the main
attraction of inter-national trade in India. The Government of India had
established separate board as ‘Spice Board of India’, for promoting the spice
trade which control their production and quality. Besides, the Spice Board, the
Indian Institute of Spices Research (HSR) was established at Calicut in 1986,
which is responsible for providing latest biotechnology for more production of
spices.
India’s share in world trade of spices (2007–08)
Southern states of India remained the main centre of region
of spice production. Even today, Southern states of the country produce most of
the spices.
At present Kerala tops in the production of black pepper,
cardamom and ginger, while producing substantial quantities of long pepper and
turmeric; Andhra Pradesh has monopoly in the production of turmeric and
chillies. More than half of the country’s chillies and turmeric production is
produced by the State of Andhra Pradesh alone. Currently about 50 million
tonnes of chillies were produced by the Andhra Pradesh.
The spices export during April–December 2008 is estimated
as 334,150 tonnes valued Rs. 3,810.95 crore (US$ 860.40 million) as against
325,320 tonnes valued Rs. 3,320.00 crore (US$ 821.45 million) in the
corresponding period of the last financial year. Compared to last year, the export
has shown an increase of 15% in rupee value and a 3% in quantity. In dollar
terms, the increase is 5%, according to data released by Spices Board.
Spice oils and oleoresins including mint products
contributed 42% of the total export earnings. Chilli contributed 21% followed
by pepper 8%, cumin 8% and turmeric 5%.
During April–December 2008, export of most of the major
spices have shown an increasing trend both in terms of quantity and value as
compared to the same period of last year. However, exports of pepper and chilli
have declined both in terms of quantity and value as compared to last year.
During the period, export of ginger and mint products has declined in quantity
only.
During April–December 2008, the export of pepper from India
has been 19,100 tonnes valued at Rs. 317.77 crore as against 27,580 tonnes
valued Rs. 400.20 crore of last year. The average export price of pepper has
gone up from Rs. 145.11 per kg in 2007 to Rs. 166.37 per kg in 2008. The low
inventory in the major international markets due to the economic recession is
reported to be the major reason for the decline in exports.
During the period, India has exported 141,000 tonnes of
chilli and chilli products valued Rs. 793.18 crore as against 149,755 tonnes
valued Rs. 807.03 crore of last year. The traditional buyers of Indian chilli,
viz. Malaysia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka continued their buying this year also.
It is expected that the export will pick up in the coming months as the new
crop comes to market.
The export of seed spices has shown an increasing trend both
in the quantity and value as compared to last year. The export of coriander
seed during April–December 2008 has been 19,600 tonnes valued at Rs. 137.23
crore as against 19,150 tonnes valued at Rs. 77.69 crore of last year,
registering an increase of 77% in value. The unit value of export has gone up
from Rs. 40.57/kg in 2007 to Rs. 70.01/kg in 2008.
The export of cumin seed during April–December 2008 has
increased considerably and the export has been 28,500 tonnes valued at Rs.
296.13 crore as against 18,885 tonnes valued at Rs. 199.09 crore. The export of
cumin up to December 2008 is an all-time record both in terms of quan-tity and
value. The export of cumin has shown an increase of 51% in quantity and 49% in
value terms as compared to last year. The reported crop failure in other major
producing countries, viz. Syria, Turkey and Iran has helped India to achieve
this substantial increase in the export of cumin.
The export of value-added products like curry powder and
spice oils and oleoresins have also shown substantial increase both in terms of
quantity and value as compared to last year. During April–December 2008, a
total quantity of 10,500 tonnes of curry powder and masalas valued Rs. 124.45 crore has been exported as against 8,375
tonnes valued at Rs. 81.10 crore of last year. During April–December 2008, the
export of spice oils and oleoresins has been 5,550 tonnes valued at Rs. 574.23
crore as against 4,815 tonnes valued at Rs. 404.04 crore of last years, registering
an increase of 42% in value and 15% in volume.
Against the export target of 425,000 tonnes valued Rs.
4,350.00 crore (US$ 1,025.00) for the year, the achievement of 334,150 tonnes
valued Rs. 3,810.95 crore (US$ 860.40 million) up to December 2008 is 79% in
quantity, 88% in rupee value and 84% in dollar terms of value. The export of
spices like cumin, fenugreek, nutmeg and mace, vanilla and other seeds have
already achieved the respective targets fixed for the year 2008–09.
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