Cyanogenic Glycosides

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Chapter: Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry : Drugs Containing Glycosides

These are the glycosides which on hydrolysis yields hydro-cynic acid (HCN), benzaldehyde and sugars. The medicinal activity of cyanogenetic glycosides is due to presence of hydrocyanic acid and these are the characteristics of family rosaceae. For examples Amygdalin obtained from bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus), Prunasin obtained from wild cherry bark.


CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES

 

 

These are the glycosides which on hydrolysis yields hydro-cynic acid (HCN), benzaldehyde and sugars. The medicinal activity of cyanogenetic glycosides is due to presence of hydrocyanic acid and these are the characteristics of family rosaceae. For examples Amygdalin obtained from bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus), Prunasin obtained from wild cherry bark.

 

Identification Tests

 

1.     A strip of white filter paper is dipped in 10% aqueous solution of picric acid, drain it and dip in a 10% sodium carbonate solution and drain again. Moisten the powdered drug with water and put into a conical flask. Trap the sodium picrate paper on the neck of flask with cork. Because of volatile hydrocyanic acid, the paper will become brick red colour.

 

2.     When drug treated with 3% aqueous solution of mercurous nitrate reduction to metallic mercury takes place.

 

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