It consists of dried juice obtained by making vertical inci-sions to the stem bark of the plant Pterocarpus marsupium Linn., belonging to family Leguminosae.
PTEROCARPUS
Synonyms
Bijasal, Indian kino tree, Malbar kino.
Biological Source
It consists of dried juice obtained by making vertical inci-sions
to the stem bark of the plant Pterocarpus
marsupium Linn., belonging to family Leguminosae.
Geographical Distribution
It is found in hilly regions of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh,
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Orissa. It is also found in forests of Karnal,
Kerala, West Bengal, and Assam.
Morphology
Chemical Constituents
Kino contains about 70–80% of kinotannic acid, kino-red,
k-pyrocatechin (catechol), resin and gallic acid. Kinotannic acid is glucosidal
tannin, whereas kino-red is anhydride of kinoin. Kinoin is an insoluble
phlobaphene and is produced by the action of oxydase enzyme. It is darker in
colour than kinotannic acid.
Chemical Tests
1. When the solution of drug is treated
with ferrous sulphate, green colour is produced.
2. With alkali (like potassium
hydroxide) violet colour is produced.
3. With mineral acid, a precipitate is
obtained.
Uses
Kino is used as powerful astringent and also in the
treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery, passive haemorrhage, toothache, and in
diabetes. It is used in dyeing, tanning, and printing. The aqueous infusion of
the wood is considered to be of much use in diabetes. The alcoholic, as well
as, aqueous extracts of heartwood are known to possess hypoglycaemic action.
The cups made of wood are available with Khadi and Gramodyog commission for
treatment of diabetes.
Marketed Products
It is the one of the components of the preparation known as
Gludibit (Lupin Herbal Laboratory) and Diabecon (Hima-laya Drug Company) for
diabetes mellitus.
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