Androgens or male sex hormones are synthesized from cholesterol in the testes and adrenal cor tex. In the liver, androgens are formed from C-21 steroids. The ovary also secretes small amounts of androgens. i. Testosterone (Nuvir, Andriol, Testoviron) ii. Methyl testosterone iii. Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin)
ANDROGENS AND ANABOLIC AGENTS
Androgens or
male sex hormones are synthesized from cholesterol in the testes and adrenal
cor tex. In the liver, androgens are formed from C-21 steroids. The ovary also
secretes small amounts of androgens.
1.
Androgenic or male sex characteristics promoting
activity: Compounds with
androgenic activity are called androgens. It includes normal development,
functioning, and maintenance of the male sex organs and sexual characteristics.
2.
Anabolic or muscle building activity: Compounds with anabolic activity are called
anabolic agents. It causes nitrogen retention by increasing the rate of protein
synthesis, decreasing the rate of protein catabolism, and thus, promotes laying
down of new tissues. It also stimulates the thickness rise and linear growth of
the bones to some extent. The distinction of anabolic therapy of such wasting
conditions such as cancer, trauma, osteoporosis, and also effects of
immobilizations are also treated by the anabolic agents.
Properties and uses: It is a creamy white crystalline powder, insoluble
in water, and soluble in alcohol. It may be used for palliative treatment of
breast carcinoma in postmenopausal women.
Assay: Dilute the sample in alcohol to 50 ml with ethyl alcohol.
Measure the absorption at 241 nm.
Dose: The dose for prolonged treatment subcutaneously is 600 mg. For
breast cancer, the dose is up to 1.5 g; alternatively, 10 to 30 mg per day
through buccal administration.
Synthesis
Synthesis
Properties: It exists as a white crystalline powder and insoluble in water.
It is used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in combination with
an estrogen.
Dose: The dose orally for adults in the replacement therapy is 1–3 mg
twice a day.
Synthesis
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