Somatic and Autonomic Function Overlap

Somatic and Autonomic Function Overlap

Autonomic and somatic motor activities are coordinated and regulated by higher brain centers. Many ­cranial nerves and most spinal nerves have both autonomic and somatic fibers. Most body adaptations to changes in internal and external conditions utilize visceral organs and skeletal muscles. For example, when skeletal muscles­ are involved in exercise, they require more glucose and oxygen. Therefore, autonomic controls increase the heart rate and dilate the airways, so that needs can be met and homeostasis can be maintained.