Classification of Antiviral Agents

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Chapter: Medicinal Chemistry : Antiviral Agents

Classification According to its Mechanism of Action, Classification According to the Enzyme Inhibiton, Classification According to the Treatment Protocol


CLASSIFICATION

 

Classification According to its Mechanism of Action

Antiviral drugs may be classified on the basis of its mechanism of action as follows:

I. Nucleoside RT inhibitors

a. Purine nucleosides and nucleotides



b. Pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides


c. Thiosemicarbazones


d. Adamantane amines



 

II. Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors



 

III. HIV protease inhibitors

a. Saquinavir


b. Indinavir


c. Ritonavir


d. Nelfinavir


 

IV. Miscellaneous


 

Classification According to the Enzyme Inhibiton

According to the enzyme inhibition, antiviral agents are classified as follows.

i.DNA polymerase inhibitors: Idoxuridine, Trifluridine, Vidarabine

ii. RT inhibitors:


 

Classification According to the Treatment Protocol

According to the treatment protocol antiviral agents are classified as follows:

I.            Treatment of respiratory virus infection

Adamantane derivatives: Amantadine, Rimantadine

II.     Treatment of herpes and cytomegalo viruses infection.

a.   Purine nucleotides: Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Vidarabine.

b.          Pyrimidine nucleosides: Trifluouridine, Idoxuridine.

c.           Phosphorus derivatives: Foscarnet sodium.

III.        Treatment of HIV infections

a.           RT inhibition.

1.           Purine derivatives: Didanosine.

2.           Pyrimidine derivative: Zidovudine, Stavudine.

3.           Non-nucleosides: Nevirapine, Delaviridine, Efavirenz.

b.          Protease inhibition: Saquinavir, Indinavir, Ritonavir, Nelfinavir, Amprenavir, Lopinavir.

c.           Integration inhibition: Zintevir.

 

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