The adrenal cortex secretes steroidal hormones which have glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and weakly androgenic activities. Conventionally, the term ‘corticosteroid’ or ‘corticoid’ includes natural gluco and mineralocorticoids and their synthetic analogues.
CORTICOSTEROIDS
The adrenal cortex secretes steroidal hormones
which have glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and weakly androgenic activities.
Conventionally, the term ‘corticosteroid’ or ‘corticoid’ includes natural gluco
and mineralocorticoids and their synthetic analogues.
By the middle of 19th century it was
demonstrated that adrenal glands were essential for life. Later it was appreciated
that the cortex was more important than the medulla. A number of steroidal
active principles were isolated and their structures were elucidated by Kendall
and his coworkers in the 1930s. However, the gate to their great therapeutic
potential was opened by Hench (1949) who obtained striking improvement in
rheumatoid arthritis by using cortisone. The Nobel Prize was awarded the very
next year to Kendall, Reichstein and Hench.
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