Morphology relates to the ‘science dealing with the structures and forms of organisms’. In reality, the ‘morphology of the bacterium’ exclusively trusts confidently upon a number of factors.
MORPHOLOGY
Morphology relates to the ‘science dealing with the structures and
forms of organisms’. In reality,
the ‘morphology of the bacterium’
exclusively trusts confidently upon a number of factors, namely :
·
the strain under investigation,
·
nature of the culture medium,
·
temperature and time of incubation,
·
age of the culture, and
·
the number of ‘subculture’
it has been subjected to.
Importantly,
the various characteristic features that may be observed from such meticulous
investigational studies are : shape, size, arrangement, motility, flagella,
spores, and capsules.
The variants observed in the above cited
physical characteristic features may be stated as under :
Shape : spherical, rod shaped, comma
shaped, spiral shaped, filamentous.
Axis of organism : straight,
curved.
Length and breadth : mostly
variable.
Sides of organism : convex,
concave, parallel, irregular.
Ends of organism : tapering,
rounded, straight.
Shape : club shaped, giant forms,
navicular, swollen, shadow shaped.
Arrangement : in pairs, in tetrads, packs of
eight, in chains (short or long) e.g., cocci ; in short and
long chains at random e.g., bacilli ; in single or in ‘S’ or in
spiral forms .e.g., vibrios.
Motility : non-motile, sluggishly motile,
actively motile or may show darting motility.
Forms : atrichate (i.e., without flagella) ; monotrichate ; lophotrichate ;
amphitrichate ; peritrichate ;
Spores : oval, spherical, ellipsoidal,
having same width or wider than the prevailing bacillary body ; equatorial, subterminal or terminal.
Capsules : may or may not be present.
Techniques used : Electron
microscopy ; phase-contrast microscopy ; background illumination ; and hanging drop preparations.
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