These are drugs used to reduce the coagulability of blood. They may be classified into:
ANTICOAGULANTS
These are drugs used to reduce the coagulability of blood. They
may be classified into:
I. Used in
vivo
A. Parenteral
anticoagulants
Heparin, Low molecular weight heparin.
Heparinoids—Heparan sulfate,
Danaparoid, Lepirudin, Ancrod.
B. Oral
anticoagulants
i)
Coumarin derivatives: Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol), Warfarin sod, Acenocoumarol (Nicoumalone), Ethylbiscoumacetate
ii)
Indandione derivative: Phenindione.
II. Used in vitro
A. Heparin: 150 U to
prevent clotting of 100 ml blood.
B. Calcium
complexing agents: Sodium citrate: 1.65 g for 350 ml of blood; used to keep
blood in the fluid state for transfusion;
ANTICOAGULANT ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE SOLUTION 2.2 g/100 ml (75 ml is used for 1
unit of blood).
Sodium oxalate: 10 mg for 1 ml blood
Sodium edetate: 2 mg for 1 ml blood
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