Classification of Antiulcer Agents

DRUGS ACTING ON DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Antiulcer Agents

INTRODUCTION

Antiulcer agents are drugs that are used in the treatment of peptic and gastric ulcers. These are classified on the basis of mechanism of action.

CLASSIFICATION

I.Reduction of gastric acid secretion.

a.            H₂-antihistamines: Cimetidine, Ranitidine, and Famotidine.

b.           Proton pump inhibitors: Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, and Pantoprazole.

c.            Anticholinergics: Pirenzepine, Propantheline, and Oxyphenonium.

d.           Prostaglandin analogues: Misoprostol.

II.           Neutralization of gastric acid (Antacids).

a.            Systemic: NaHCO₃ and Sodium citrate.

b.           Nonsystemic: Mg(OH)₂, CaCO₃, Aluminium hydroxide gel and Magnesium trisilicate.

III.         Ulcer protectives: Sucralfate, Colloidal Bismuthsubcitrate (CBS).

IV.         Anti-Helicobacter pylori drugs: Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, and Tetracycline.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURES OF GASTRIC ACID SECRETION INHIBITORS

Ia. H₂-antihistamines

I b. Proton pump inhibitors