Renal Adverse Drug Reactions

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Chapter: Pharmacovigilance: Renal Adverse Drug Reactions

The kidney is particularly vulnerable to adverse drug reactions (ADRs).


Renal Adverse Drug Reactions

INTRODUCTION

The kidney is particularly vulnerable to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (Porter, Palmer and Henrich, 2003). Because it excretes many of their metabolites, it is exposed to high concentrations of these drugs. More-over, several renal transport processes potentially lead to accumulation of drugs in renal cells. A constant abundant oxygen supply to renal tissue is required to support active ion and solute transport, making it particularly vulnerable to any change in blood flow and oxygen deprivation. The thick ascending limb of Henleā€™s loop is the principal site of NaCl reabsorption and additionally is suffering from a marginal blood supply via the vasa recta. Any drug that interferes with renal blood flow at this site may induce acute tubular necrosis which can lead to acute renal failure (ARF).

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