The study of fluids at rest is based on two principles:
FLUIDS AT REST: HYDROSTATICS
The
study of fluids at rest is based on two principles:
1. Pressure intensity at a point, expressed as force per
unit area, is the same in all directions.
2. Pressure is the same at all points in a given horizontal
line in a continuous fluid.
The
pressure, P, varies with depth, z, in a manner expressed by the hydrostatic
equation
dP = -ρgdz (2:2)
where
ρ is the density of the fluid and g
is the gravitational constant. Since water and most other liquids can be
regarded as incompressible, the density is independent of the pressure, and
integration between the limits P1 and P2, z1
and z2, gives
P1
- P2 = ρg(z1 z2) (2:3)
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