The therapeutic efficacy, toxicity and biological half-life of a drug greatly depend upon its metabolic rate.
FACTORS AFFECTING BIOTRANSFORMATION OF DRUGS
The therapeutic efficacy, toxicity and biological
half-life of a drug greatly depend upon its metabolic rate. A number of factors
may influence the rate of drug metabolism. They are:
1. Physicochemical properties of
the drug
2. Chemical factors:
a. Induction of drug metabolising
enzymes
b. Inhibition of drug
metabolising enzymes
c. Environmental chemicals
3. Biological factors:
a. Species differences
b. Strain differences
c. Sex differences
d. Age
e. Diet
f. Altered physiologic factors:
i. Pregnancy
ii. Hormonal imbalance
iii. Disease states
g. Temporal factors:
i. Circadian rhythm
ii. Circannual rhythm
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