The 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins are joined together by peptide bonds. The linear sequence of the linked amino acids contains the information necessary to generate a protein molecule with a unique three-dimensional shape.
OVERVIEW
The 20 amino acids
commonly found in proteins are joined together by peptide bonds. The linear
sequence of the linked amino acids contains the information necessary to
generate a protein molecule with a unique three-dimensional shape. The
complexity of protein structure is best analyzed by considering the molecule in
terms of four organizational levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and
quaternary ( Figure 2.1). An examination of these hierarchies of increasing
complexity has revealed that certain structural elements are repeated in a wide
variety of proteins, suggesting that there are general “rules” regarding the
ways in which proteins achieve their native, functional form. These repeated
structural elements range from simple combinations of α-helices and β-sheets
forming small motifs, to the complex folding of polypeptide domains of
multifunctional proteins.
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