Biochemistry - Practical

BP207P :

Biochemistry (Practical)

COURSE OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this course are:

1. To develop skills to identify and differentiate carbohydrates and proteins through classical qualitative biochemical tests.

2. To apply biochemical techniques for analysis of pathological conditions using urine and blood samples.

3. To perform estimations of clinically important biomolecules such as glucose, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and proteins in biological fluids.

4. To demonstrate enzymatic activity and study factors affecting enzyme function, including substrate concentration and temperature.

5. To interpret biochemical results and correlate them with clinical conditions such as diabetes, renal dysfunction, and lipid disorders.

Course Outcomes (CO):

Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to:

1. Identify proteins and carbohydrates using qualitative biochemical tests and explain their physiological relevance.

2. Detect normal and abnormal constituents in urine and interpret their diagnostic significance.

3. Estimate and interpret levels of glucose, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and serum proteins, and correlate results with clinical conditions.

4. Demonstrate enzyme–substrate reactions and evaluate the effect of temperature and substrate concentration on enzymatic activity.

5. Analyze, record, and report biochemical results accurately and relate practical findings to theoretical knowledge and clinical application.

Detailed Syllabus:

List of practical

(Minimum 12experiments must be performed)

1. Identification tests for proteins (Albumin and Casein).

2. Qualitative analysis of carbohydrates* (Glucose, Fructose, Lactose, Sucrose, and Starch).

3. Qualitative analysis of urine for normal and abnormal constituents.

4. Estimation of blood glucose.

5. Estimation of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.

6. Estimation of urea, creatinine, and uric acid in serum.

7. Estimation of serum total protein and albumin.

8. Study of enzymatic hydrolysis of starch.

9. Study of the effect of temperature on salivary amylase activity.

10. Study of the effect of substrate concentration on salivary amylase activity.

11. Estimation of hemoglobin in blood by Sahli’s method / Cyanmethemoglobin method.

12. Estimation of serum bilirubin (total and direct bilirubin).

13. Estimation of glycogen content

14. Estimation of SGOT and SGPT

Recommended References (Preferably latest editions):

1. Plummer, D. T. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry. McGraw-Hill, New York.

2. Wilson, K., and Walker, J. Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Cambridge University Press.

3. Varley, H., Gowenlock, A. H., Bell, M., and Bell, J. L. Varley’s Practical Clinical Biochemistry. Heinemann Medical Books.

4. Burtis, C. A., Ashwood, E. R., and Bruns, D. E. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. Elsevier.

5. Rodwell, V. W., Bender, D. A., Botham, K. M., Kennelly, P. J., and Weil, P. A.

Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. McGraw-Hill.

6. Freifelder, D. Essential Molecular Biology: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press.